A. Read the following texts and look at the underlined verbs. Tell your partner which tense it is:

1. Arif lives in a village. His village is beside a river. It is located in the district of Gazipur.
2. Student : Sir, I want to show you my homework.
   Teacher : Very good. Please show it to me.
3. Passenger : Does this bus go to Farmgate?
   Bus conductor : Yes it does.
4. Daughter : Ma, do you have a nail cutter?
   Mother : Yes, I do. Please get it from the drawer.
5. Abonti : How are you, Anika?
   Anika : I am fine. Thank you.
6. Doctor : Can you walk now?
   Patient : Yes, I can.

Note: Do you understand what tense we are talking about? If we are talking about general present, or about a regular or habitual action we use the present simple tense.

Verbs used in the present simple:

1. Be verbs: am, is and are
2. Have verbs: have, has
3. Action verbs in the present form: want, get, show etc
4. Passive verbs with the past participle form of a main verb: for example, is located.
5. Auxiliary verbs: do and does which are used in making interrogative or negative sentences. For example, Do you have a nail cutter?
6. Modals: can

B. Now use the correct form of verbs in the following gaps:

1. Hi, Shohag, How _____ everybody at home?
   They _______ fine. Thanks.
2. I _____milk most days a week.
3. Students do not know the room in which the game teacher ______ .
4. This train does not ______ at every station.
5. The security guard may ask me who I _______ .
6. The SSC exam is usually _______ in February every year.
7. Do you --------? No, I ________ .
8. Things in this shop ________expensive.
9. Mom often asks me, "Do you brush your teeth regularly?" “Yes, I _________ .”
10. The teacher said, "Do you smoke?", The student replied, "No sir, I _________ .”

C. Describe the following items to your partner:

1. The house/apartment we live in
2. Your home town/birthplace
3. One of your closest relatives
4. A beautiful place in your city
5. A possession you have for a long time

D. Write a paragraph on one of following topics using the present simple tense:

My Best Friend, A Ghost, Our Next-door Neighbour

A. Read the following text and look at the underlined verbs:

1. My father worked in a bank when we lived in Munshiganj. Then he started a business in Dhaka and at one stage we moved there.
2. Rafik was in class six when his mother died.
3. Bangladesh won ICC Trophy in 1997. That time all cricket fans celebrated the event very much.
4. Interviewer: When were you born?
   Interviewee: I was born in 2001.
5. My uncle visited many countries of Europe when he had a job in England.
6. "What did you do last weekend?" "Nothing much, I only finished my homework."

Note: The past simple tense is used with reference to past time. Verbs used in the past simple tense are

1. Be verb: was, were
2. Have verb: had
3. Action verbs in the past form: worked, lived, started, moved etc.
4. Passive verbs: auxiliary verb (was/were) + past participle. For example, was informed, were stolen, was born etc.
5. Auxiliary verb: "Did" is used in making interrogative or negative sentences. For example, what did you do last weekend?
6. Modals: could, would, used to etc.

B. Use the correct forms of verbs in the following gaps:

1. When I _______ a child I ______ how to ride a bicycle. My elder brother _____ me carefully and at one stage I _____ able to learn it.
2. Our school _______ an inter school debate competition On 23 March and we ______ the runner up position. We _____ a certificate and a crest from the chief guest.
3. Last night we _____ no electricity in our locality. My father _____ some candles and we all _____ a candle light dinner. It ________ great fun.
4. He _______ play football in his youth.

C. Make past tense questions and answers using the words given. One is done for you:

1. Who/you see/ in the room? Who did you see in the room?
2. I see/Jamal/there
3. When/you go/ to school?
4. We/go/to school/ at 8.15 am.
5. Where / you celebrate/ your holiday?
6. We/celebrate/ in our village/holiday
7. Why / you come/ late to class?
8. 1/ come late/because it / rain/ in the morning
9. When/your father/ promote/ as General Manager?
10. My father/ promote/ early this year.

D. Write a paragraph on any one of the following using the past simple tense:

Our Liberation War, The Day I Passed My PEC Exam, My Last Vacation

A. Read the following text and look at the underlined verbs:

1. I will wake up early in the morning. My uncle will take me to the station. The Mohanagar Express will start at 7.30 for Chattogram.
2. Bangladesh will become a middle income country by the year 2021.
3. You will be the top scorer if you work hard.
4. "Shall I close the door, sir?", the student said to the headmaster.
5. Shefali won't play badminton because she will go to her tutor's in the afternoon.

B. Supply the correct form of verbs in the gap of the following sentences:

1. Next Saturday my uncle ____ for Saudi Arabia. So my father and I ______ to the airport to see him off .
2. The weather forecast says it ______ rain tomorrow.
3. I _________ an umbrella if it rains.
4. The waiter says, " _______ I give you cold drinks, sir?"
5. a. I am going home now.
   b. Ok, I ______ you Sunday morning.

C. Use the correct verbs in the following sentences. The first one is done for you:

1. Don't worry; the student volunteers will manage discipline about the program.
2. I am sure you _____ your visit to Rangamaati.
3. I ______ you tonight and ______ you about the situation.
4. I am very tired. I ______ to bed early tonight.
5. People are very angry about the problem. They ________ a compromising solution of the problem.

D. Now match these sentences with the predictions below:

1. It's Friday morning a. she will call our names
2. I am back from my school b. shops will remain open.
3. If you are not careful c. I will take some rest now.
4. On Fridays d. we will say our Jumma prayer.
5. The class teacher is coming to the class e. you will slip from the steep staircase.

E. Suppose you and your partner are playing the role of a palmist and a client. The dialogue will go like this. Use the verbs employ, earn, export, offer and import and complete the dialogue:

Palmist : You will have a big business in future.
Client : What kind of business?
P : It will be a garment business

A. Read the following text and look at the underlined verbs. Tell your partner which tense it is:

1. Nafisa's school is closed today. She is reading a story book.
2. Asif: What are you doing now? Come and join us in a game if you are free.
   Maruf: Sorry, I can't. I am taking my sister to a doctor. She is suffering from fever.
3. Please don't interrupt me while I am talking on the phone.
4. Desk officer: Are you being served?
   Client: Yes, that young lady is helping me.
5. Teacher: Are you listening to me?
   Students: Yes ma'm, we are.

Note: The Present Continuous tense describes actions which are going on now. The structure goes like this: Subject + auxiliary verbs (am/is/are)+ ing form of the main verb. For example,

He is playing cards. It could be used in the negative or interrogative sense as well. For example,

I am not watching TV now.

Are you going shopping now?

B. Supply appropriate verbs in the gaps of the following sentences:

1. Take this umbrella. It _____ outside now.
2. " _______ you still ______ in a bank?" "No, recently I have left it."
3. Please don't disturb me. I _______ my homework.
4. Please wait for a minute. I _____ soon.
5. There are a few doctors in this clinic. Many patients (not) _____ .

C. Write a sentence using a word from the box. Your subjects may change in every sentence. One example is given for you:

A helicopter is flying in the sky.

Play, sing, fly, ride, hang, check, bake, watch, attend, notice, throw

A. Read the following sentences and look at the underlined verbs. Tell your partner which tense it is:

1. I am going to visit my grandma this weekend. What about you?
2. Do you think our teacher is going to give us a good grade for this assignment?
3. Who of you are going to work as volunteers? Please raise your hands.
4. When is your uncle coming back from his overseas study?
5. It is going to be a big problem if you do not pay attention to it now.

Note: 'am/is/are + going to' is used in situations when you are informing someone about a plan you have already made or assumed. This kind of present continuous form indicates an arranged future. For example,

Students, please everybody go to the class. Your class teacher is going to announce your mid-term results in the class.

Sometimes you may confuse "am/is/are +going to" future with the simple future using will. The modal "will" seems best for situations when you are in the process of making a decision about the future. Most often you use will to talk about the future generally. For example:

Who will open the door, if I am late?

B. Now complete the dialogues below using the verbs in brackets with will or going to:

1. A: Have you decided to spend extra money?
   B: Well, I think I _____ to a restaurant for a good dinner but haven't decided yet.
2. A: Have you decided how you will spend the holiday?
   B: Not yet but I think I ________ to my village for a few days.
3. A: My cousins are coming from Italy this Friday.
   B: ________ you _________ to receive them at the airport?
4. A: Our school has set up a new routine for our classes effective from this Saturday.
   B: Yes, we ______ to attend the first class much earlier.
5. A: Have you collected your tickets for the concert?
   B: Not yet. But I think we ______ there on Friday if we can.

D. Now use will or be going to in the following sentences:

1. The opposition has called a strike on Sunday. I ____(not go) to attend my classes.
2. I _____ (carry) an umbrella if it rains.
3. The way all Kiwi wickets are falling, I think Tigers _____ (win) the match easily.
4. Son: Father, any plan for the weekend?
   Father: Our whole family has been invited to my colleague's daughter's wedding. So, we _____ (attend) the party.
5. It is not cold here. I _____ (wear) a jumper.

A. Read the following text and look at the underlined verbs:

1. I have done my homework. Can you please look at it?
2. One of our friends has joined the inter district debate competition.
3. Does anybody know who has torn off the notice from the board?
4. I do not know if Anik has been selected for the cricket match.
5. Congrats Manosh, you have done an outstanding job.

Present Perfect expresses the completion of an action by Now. Therefore it is, strictly, a kind of present tense because (a) you are not emphasizing When the action took place; (b) you are only interested in the present state of completion; i.e., its effect on events Now.

So this tense must never be used if we state or suggest a definite time in the past. Now, look at the following sentences and fill in the blanks with verbs with appropriate forms of the present perfect:

1. Please open your book. Have you (open) it?
2. Wow! It's a wonderful piece of drawing. Who _____ (draw) it?
3. Excuse me, teacher. Could you please repeat what you ______ (say) just now?
4. I am very worried about my homework. I _______ (not finish) it yet.
5. There is a big museum in the city. ______ you ______ there?
6. Please tell me what exactly you ______ done and what is yet to be done.

B. Now use appropriate verbs in the blanks of the following dialogues:

1. Teacher: We have only one day left for the science fair. Now let me know
   who ______ what.
   Zarif: I ______ the wall, sir.
2. Mother: There are only a few chocolates on the table. Who _______ the others?
   Mayisha: Mom, I ______ just one.
3. Teacher: Let's brainstorm on the topic for a minute. Now Anika, tell me what _______ .
4. Hanif: Wait, this math problem is not that easy. But I ______ something about it.
   Monoj: Ok, tell us what ______.
5. 'Three Idiots' is an excellent movie. _______ you ______ it?

C. Write some sentences about your activities you have done since morning. Show your sentences to your partner to check. You may start like this.

1. First, I have said my morning prayer.
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
5. ________________

A. Read the following text and look at the underlined verbs:

1. I was eating my dinner when you phoned.
2. What were you doing when the baby was crying?
3. I was not listening to you properly that time because of traffic noise.
4. Her English was improving a lot after some tutorial classes.
5. It was midnight and my elder brother was still working on his laptop.

B. Use the past continuous form of the verbs in the following sentences:

1. The sun (shine) when we went out.
2. When you came, I (write).
3. My brother asked me, "Why didn't you receive my call?" "I (sleep) then".
4. When the teacher came to the class, all students (stand) up.
5. The bus started while some passengers (get) on.
6. The boy took another piece of cake when the mother (not look).
7. The teacher asked his students, "Why (make) a noise in the class?"
8. We (have) dinner when electricity went off.
9. The boy jumped off the train while it (move).
10. Who (talk) there when I knocked at the door? "I (call) my sister."

C. Use the correct forms of verbs in the blanks of the following sentences:

1. It ________ heavily outside when I _______ .
2. Where _________ when I ________ you?
3. When my elder _______my father _________.
4. Our grandma ______ with us when we _____ in our village.
5. Everybody _______ until the fire accident occurred.

D. Now write five sentences using the following pairs of verbs from the box. One is done for you using hear and pass by. I heard the noise when a train was passing by.